> ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://novu-c5de82d9-docs-homepage-redesign.mintlify.site/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # Bulk create subscribers > Bulk create subscribers using the Novu REST API. Requires your environment secret key in the Authorization header. ## OpenAPI ````yaml POST /v1/subscribers/bulk openapi: 3.0.0 info: title: Novu API description: >- Novu REST API. Please see https://docs.novu.co/api-reference for more details. version: 3.15.0 contact: name: Novu Support url: https://discord.gg/novu email: support@novu.co termsOfService: https://novu.co/terms license: name: MIT url: https://opensource.org/license/mit servers: - url: https://api.novu.co - url: https://eu.api.novu.co security: - secretKey: [] tags: - name: Events description: >- Events represent a change in state of a subscriber. They are used to trigger workflows, and enable you to send notifications to subscribers based on their actions. externalDocs: url: https://docs.novu.co/workflows - name: Subscribers description: >- A subscriber in Novu represents someone who should receive a message. A subscriber's profile information contains important attributes about the subscriber that will be used in messages (name, email). The subscriber object can contain other key-value pairs that can be used to further personalize your messages. externalDocs: url: https://docs.novu.co/subscribers/subscribers - name: Topics description: >- Topics are a way to group subscribers together so that they can be notified of events at once. A topic is identified by a custom key. This can be helpful for things like sending out marketing emails or notifying users of new features. Topics can also be used to send notifications to the subscribers who have been grouped together based on their interests, location, activities and much more. externalDocs: url: https://docs.novu.co/subscribers/topics - name: Integrations description: >- With the help of the Integration Store, you can easily integrate your favorite delivery provider. During the runtime of the API, the Integrations Store is responsible for storing the configurations of all the providers. externalDocs: url: https://docs.novu.co/platform/integrations/overview - name: Workflows description: >- All notifications are sent via a workflow. Each workflow acts as a container for the logic and blueprint that are associated with a type of notification in your system. externalDocs: url: https://docs.novu.co/workflows - name: Messages description: >- A message in Novu represents a notification delivered to a recipient on a particular channel. Messages contain information about the request that triggered its delivery, a view of the data sent to the recipient, and a timeline of its lifecycle events. Learn more about messages. externalDocs: url: https://docs.novu.co/workflows/messages - name: Environments description: >- Environments allow you to manage different stages of your application development lifecycle. Each environment has its own set of API keys and configurations, enabling you to separate development, staging, and production workflows. externalDocs: url: https://docs.novu.co/platform/environments - name: Layouts description: Layouts are reusable wrappers for your email notifications. externalDocs: url: https://docs.novu.co/platform/workflow/layouts - name: Translations description: Used to localize your notifications to different languages. externalDocs: url: https://docs.novu.co/platform/workflow/advanced-features/translations - name: Domains description: Used to manage your inbound email domains. externalDocs: url: https://docs.novu.co/platform/domains externalDocs: description: Novu Documentation url: https://docs.novu.co paths: /v1/subscribers/bulk: post: tags: - Subscribers summary: Bulk create subscribers description: |2- Using this endpoint multiple subscribers can be created at once. The bulk API is limited to 500 subscribers per request. operationId: SubscribersV1Controller_bulkCreateSubscribers parameters: - name: idempotency-key in: header description: A header for idempotency purposes required: false schema: type: string requestBody: required: true content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/BulkSubscriberCreateDto' responses: '201': description: Created headers: Content-Type: $ref: '#/components/headers/Content-Type' RateLimit-Limit: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Limit' RateLimit-Remaining: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Remaining' RateLimit-Reset: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Reset' RateLimit-Policy: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy' Idempotency-Key: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Key' Idempotency-Replay: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Replay' content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/BulkCreateSubscriberResponseDto' '400': description: Bad Request headers: Content-Type: $ref: '#/components/headers/Content-Type' RateLimit-Limit: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Limit' RateLimit-Remaining: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Remaining' RateLimit-Reset: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Reset' RateLimit-Policy: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy' Idempotency-Key: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Key' Idempotency-Replay: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Replay' content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorDto' '401': description: Unauthorized headers: Content-Type: $ref: '#/components/headers/Content-Type' RateLimit-Limit: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Limit' RateLimit-Remaining: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Remaining' RateLimit-Reset: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Reset' RateLimit-Policy: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy' Idempotency-Key: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Key' Idempotency-Replay: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Replay' content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorDto' '403': description: Forbidden headers: Content-Type: $ref: '#/components/headers/Content-Type' RateLimit-Limit: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Limit' RateLimit-Remaining: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Remaining' RateLimit-Reset: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Reset' RateLimit-Policy: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy' Idempotency-Key: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Key' Idempotency-Replay: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Replay' content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorDto' '404': description: Not Found headers: Content-Type: $ref: '#/components/headers/Content-Type' RateLimit-Limit: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Limit' RateLimit-Remaining: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Remaining' RateLimit-Reset: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Reset' RateLimit-Policy: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy' Idempotency-Key: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Key' Idempotency-Replay: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Replay' content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorDto' '405': description: Method Not Allowed headers: Content-Type: $ref: '#/components/headers/Content-Type' RateLimit-Limit: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Limit' RateLimit-Remaining: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Remaining' RateLimit-Reset: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Reset' RateLimit-Policy: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy' Idempotency-Key: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Key' Idempotency-Replay: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Replay' content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorDto' '409': description: Conflict headers: Content-Type: $ref: '#/components/headers/Content-Type' RateLimit-Limit: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Limit' RateLimit-Remaining: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Remaining' RateLimit-Reset: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Reset' RateLimit-Policy: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy' Idempotency-Key: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Key' Idempotency-Replay: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Replay' content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorDto' '413': description: Payload Too Large headers: Content-Type: $ref: '#/components/headers/Content-Type' RateLimit-Limit: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Limit' RateLimit-Remaining: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Remaining' RateLimit-Reset: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Reset' RateLimit-Policy: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy' Idempotency-Key: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Key' Idempotency-Replay: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Replay' content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorDto' '414': description: URI Too Long content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorDto' '415': description: Unsupported Media Type headers: Content-Type: $ref: '#/components/headers/Content-Type' RateLimit-Limit: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Limit' RateLimit-Remaining: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Remaining' RateLimit-Reset: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Reset' RateLimit-Policy: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy' Idempotency-Key: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Key' Idempotency-Replay: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Replay' content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorDto' '422': description: Unprocessable Entity headers: Content-Type: $ref: '#/components/headers/Content-Type' RateLimit-Limit: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Limit' RateLimit-Remaining: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Remaining' RateLimit-Reset: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Reset' RateLimit-Policy: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy' Idempotency-Key: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Key' Idempotency-Replay: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Replay' content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ValidationErrorDto' '429': description: 'The client has sent too many requests in a given amount of time. ' headers: Content-Type: $ref: '#/components/headers/Content-Type' RateLimit-Limit: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Limit' RateLimit-Remaining: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Remaining' RateLimit-Reset: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Reset' RateLimit-Policy: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy' Idempotency-Key: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Key' Idempotency-Replay: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Replay' Retry-After: $ref: '#/components/headers/Retry-After' content: application/json: schema: type: string example: API rate limit exceeded '500': description: Internal Server Error headers: Content-Type: $ref: '#/components/headers/Content-Type' RateLimit-Limit: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Limit' RateLimit-Remaining: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Remaining' RateLimit-Reset: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Reset' RateLimit-Policy: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy' Idempotency-Key: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Key' Idempotency-Replay: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Replay' content: application/json: schema: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ErrorDto' '503': description: >- The server is currently unable to handle the request due to a temporary overload or scheduled maintenance, which will likely be alleviated after some delay. headers: Content-Type: $ref: '#/components/headers/Content-Type' RateLimit-Limit: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Limit' RateLimit-Remaining: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Remaining' RateLimit-Reset: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Reset' RateLimit-Policy: $ref: '#/components/headers/RateLimit-Policy' Idempotency-Key: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Key' Idempotency-Replay: $ref: '#/components/headers/Idempotency-Replay' Retry-After: $ref: '#/components/headers/Retry-After' content: application/json: schema: type: string example: Please wait some time, then try again. security: - secretKey: [] x-codeSamples: - lang: php label: PHP source: |- declare(strict_types=1); require 'vendor/autoload.php'; use novu; use novu\Models\Components; $sdk = novu\Novu::builder() ->setSecurity( 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY_HERE' ) ->build(); $bulkSubscriberCreateDto = new Components\BulkSubscriberCreateDto( subscribers: [ new Components\CreateSubscriberRequestDto( subscriberId: '', ), ], ); $response = $sdk->subscribers->createBulk( bulkSubscriberCreateDto: $bulkSubscriberCreateDto ); if ($response->bulkCreateSubscriberResponseDto !== null) { // handle response } - lang: python label: Python source: |- from novu_py import Novu with Novu( secret_key="YOUR_SECRET_KEY_HERE", ) as novu: res = novu.subscribers.create_bulk(bulk_subscriber_create_dto={ "subscribers": [ { "subscriber_id": "", }, ], }) # Handle response print(res) - lang: go label: Go source: "package main\n\nimport(\n\t\"context\"\n\t\"github.com/novuhq/novu-go/v3\"\n\t\"github.com/novuhq/novu-go/v3/models/components\"\n\t\"log\"\n)\n\nfunc main() {\n ctx := context.Background()\n\n s := v3.New(\n v3.WithSecurity(\"YOUR_SECRET_KEY_HERE\"),\n )\n\n res, err := s.Subscribers.CreateBulk(ctx, components.BulkSubscriberCreateDto{\n Subscribers: []components.CreateSubscriberRequestDto{\n components.CreateSubscriberRequestDto{\n SubscriberID: \"\",\n },\n },\n }, nil)\n if err != nil {\n log.Fatal(err)\n }\n if res.BulkCreateSubscriberResponseDto != nil {\n // handle response\n }\n}" - lang: typescript label: TypeScript source: |- import { Novu } from "@novu/api"; const novu = new Novu({ secretKey: "YOUR_SECRET_KEY_HERE", }); async function run() { const result = await novu.subscribers.createBulk({ subscribers: [ { subscriberId: "", }, ], }); console.log(result); } run(); - lang: csharp label: Csharp (SDK) source: >- using Novu; using Novu.Models.Components; using System.Collections.Generic; var sdk = new NovuSDK(secretKey: "YOUR_SECRET_KEY_HERE"); var res = await sdk.Subscribers.CreateBulkAsync(bulkSubscriberCreateDto: new BulkSubscriberCreateDto() { Subscribers = new List() { new CreateSubscriberRequestDto() { SubscriberId = "", }, }, }); // handle response components: schemas: BulkSubscriberCreateDto: type: object properties: subscribers: description: An array of subscribers to be created in bulk. type: array items: $ref: '#/components/schemas/CreateSubscriberRequestDto' required: - subscribers BulkCreateSubscriberResponseDto: type: object properties: updated: description: An array of subscribers that were successfully updated. type: array items: $ref: '#/components/schemas/UpdatedSubscriberDto' created: description: An array of subscribers that were successfully created. type: array items: $ref: '#/components/schemas/CreatedSubscriberDto' failed: description: >- An array of failed operations with error messages and optional subscriber IDs. type: array items: $ref: '#/components/schemas/FailedOperationDto' required: - updated - created - failed ErrorDto: type: object properties: statusCode: type: number description: HTTP status code of the error response. example: 404 timestamp: type: string description: Timestamp of when the error occurred. example: '2024-12-12T13:00:00Z' path: type: string description: The path where the error occurred. example: /api/v1/resource message: description: Value that failed validation oneOf: - type: string nullable: true - type: number - type: boolean - type: object nullable: true - type: array items: anyOf: - type: string nullable: true - type: number - type: boolean - type: object additionalProperties: true example: 'xx xx xx ' ctx: type: object description: Optional context object for additional error details. additionalProperties: true example: workflowId: some_wf_id stepId: some_wf_id errorId: type: string description: >- Optional unique identifier for the error, useful for tracking using Sentry and New Relic, only available for 500. example: abc123 required: - statusCode - timestamp - path ValidationErrorDto: type: object properties: statusCode: type: number description: HTTP status code of the error response. example: 404 timestamp: type: string description: Timestamp of when the error occurred. example: '2024-12-12T13:00:00Z' path: type: string description: The path where the error occurred. example: /api/v1/resource message: description: Value that failed validation oneOf: - type: string nullable: true - type: number - type: boolean - type: object nullable: true - type: array items: anyOf: - type: string nullable: true - type: number - type: boolean - type: object additionalProperties: true example: 'xx xx xx ' ctx: type: object description: Optional context object for additional error details. additionalProperties: true example: workflowId: some_wf_id stepId: some_wf_id errorId: type: string description: >- Optional unique identifier for the error, useful for tracking using Sentry and New Relic, only available for 500. example: abc123 errors: type: object description: A record of validation errors keyed by field name additionalProperties: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ConstraintValidation' example: fieldName1: messages: - Field is required - Must be a valid email address value: invalidEmail fieldName2: messages: - Must be at least 18 years old value: 17 fieldName3: messages: - Must be a boolean value value: true fieldName4: messages: - Must be a valid object value: key: value fieldName5: messages: - Field is missing value: null fieldName6: messages: - Undefined value required: - statusCode - timestamp - path - errors CreateSubscriberRequestDto: type: object properties: firstName: type: string nullable: true description: First name of the subscriber example: John lastName: type: string nullable: true description: Last name of the subscriber example: Doe email: type: string nullable: true description: Email address of the subscriber example: john.doe@example.com phone: type: string nullable: true description: Phone number of the subscriber example: '+1234567890' avatar: type: string nullable: true description: Avatar URL or identifier example: https://example.com/avatar.jpg locale: type: string nullable: true description: Locale of the subscriber example: en-US timezone: type: string nullable: true description: Timezone of the subscriber example: America/New_York data: type: object nullable: true description: Additional custom data associated with the subscriber additionalProperties: true subscriberId: type: string description: Unique identifier of the subscriber required: - subscriberId UpdatedSubscriberDto: type: object properties: subscriberId: type: string description: The ID of the subscriber that was updated. required: - subscriberId CreatedSubscriberDto: type: object properties: subscriberId: type: string description: The ID of the subscriber that was created. required: - subscriberId FailedOperationDto: type: object properties: message: type: string description: The error message associated with the failed operation. subscriberId: type: string description: >- The subscriber ID associated with the failed operation. This field is optional. ConstraintValidation: type: object properties: messages: type: array items: type: string description: List of validation error messages example: - Field is required - Invalid format value: description: Value that failed validation oneOf: - type: string nullable: true - type: number - type: boolean - type: object - type: array items: anyOf: - type: string nullable: true - type: number - type: boolean - type: object additionalProperties: true example: 'xx xx xx ' required: - messages headers: Content-Type: required: true description: The MIME type of the response body. schema: type: string example: application/json RateLimit-Limit: required: false description: >- The number of requests that the client is permitted to make per second. The actual maximum may differ when burst is enabled. schema: type: string example: '100' RateLimit-Remaining: required: false description: The number of requests remaining until the next window. schema: type: string example: '93' RateLimit-Reset: required: false description: >- The remaining seconds until a request of the same cost will be refreshed. schema: type: string example: '8' RateLimit-Policy: required: false description: The rate limit policy that was used to evaluate the request. schema: type: string example: >- 100;w=1;burst=110;comment="token bucket";category="trigger";cost="single" Idempotency-Key: required: false description: The idempotency key used to evaluate the request. schema: type: string example: '8' Idempotency-Replay: required: false description: Whether the request was a replay of a previous request. schema: type: string example: 'true' Retry-After: required: false description: >- The number of seconds after which the client may retry the request that was previously rejected. schema: type: string example: '8' securitySchemes: secretKey: type: apiKey name: Authorization in: header description: >- API key authentication. Allowed headers-- "Authorization: ApiKey ". x-speakeasy-example: YOUR_SECRET_KEY_HERE ````